Derivatives of branched polyalkylene-polyamines



United States Patent 3,200,106 DERIVATIVES OF BRANCEED POLYALKYLENE- POLYAMINES Woodrow J. Dickson, Monterey Park, and Fred W. Jenkins, Los Angelles, Califi, assignors to Petrolite Corporation, Wilmington, DeL, a corporation of Delaware N0 Drawing. Filed Aug. 4, 1960, Ser. No. 47,386 16 Claims. (Cl. 260-975) This invention relates to branched polyalkylene polyamines and to derivatives thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to said branched polyamines and to branched polyamines derivatives containing various groups, such as the oxyalkylated, acylated, alkylated, carbonylated, olefinated, etc., derivatives thereof, prepared by introducing such groups individually, alternately, in combination, etc., including for example, derivatives prepared by varying the order of adding such groups, by'increasing the number and order of adding such groups, and the like.

This invention also relates to methods of using these products, which have an unexpectedly broad spectrum of uses, for example, as demulsifiers for water-in-oil emulsions; as demulsifiers for oil-in-Water emulsions; as corrosion inhibitors; as fuel oil additives for gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, and the like; as lubricating oil additives; as scale preventatives; as chelating agents or to form chelates which are themselves useful, for example, as antioxidants, gasoline stabilizers, fungicides, etc; as flotation agents, for example, as flotation collection agents; as asphalt additives or anti-stripping agents for asphalt-mineral aggregate compositions; as additives for compositions useful in acidizing calcareous stratas of oil wells; as additives for treating water used in the secondary recovery of oil and in disposal wells; as additives used in treating oil-Well strata in primary oil recovery to enhance the flow of oil; as emulsifiers for both oil-in-water and Water-in-oil emulsions; as additives for slushing oils; as additives for cutting oils; as additives for oil to prevent emulsification during transport; as additives for drilling muds; as agents useful in removing mud sheaths from newly drilled wells; as dehazing or fog-inhibiting agents for fuels as additives for preparing sand or mineral slurries useful in treating oil wells to enhance the recovery of oil; as agents for producing polymeric emulsions useful in preparing water-vapor impermeable paper board; as agents in paraffin solvents; as agents in preparing thickened silica aerogel lubricants; as gasoline additives to remove copper therefrom; as deicing and anti-stalling agents for gasoline; as

, antiseptic, preservative, bactericidal, bacteriostatic, germi cidal, fungicidal agents; as agents for the textile industry, for example, as mercerizing assistants, as wetting agents, as rewetting agents, as dispersing agents, as detergents, as penerating agents, as softening agents, as dyeing assistants, as anti-static agents, and the like; as additives for rubber latices; asentraining agents for concrete and cements; as anti-static agents for rugs, floors, upholstery, plastic and Wax polishes, textiles, etc.; as detergents useful in metal cleaners, in floor oils, in dry cleaning, in general cleaning, and the like; as agents useful in leather processes such as in flat liquoring, pickling, acid degreasing, dye fixing, and the like; as agents in metal pickling; as additives in paints for improved adhesion of primers, in preventing water-spotting in lacquer; as anti-skinners for pigment flushing, grinding and dispersing, asantifeathering agents in ink; as agents in the preparation of Wood pulp anl pulp slurries, as emulsifiers for insecticidal compositions and agricultural sprays such as DDT, 24-D (Toxaphene), chlordane, nicotine sulfate, hex-achloracyclohexane, and the like; as agents useful in building materials for example, in the water repellent treatment of plas- 3,200,106 Patented Aug. 10, 1965 ice ter, concrete, cement, roofing materials, floor sealers; as additives in bonding agents for various insulating building materials; and the like.

THE BRANCHED POLYAMINE The branched polyamines employed herein are polyalkylene polyamines wherein the branched group is a side chain containing on the average at least one nitrogenbonded aminoalkylene group per nine amino units present on the main chain, for example, 1-4 of such branched chains per nine units on the main chain, but preferably one side chain unit per nine main chain units. Thus, these polyamines contain at least three'primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group. 7

These reagents may be expressed by the formula:

6 or more but preferably 1 to 3, and z being for example 0-6 but preferably O1. The x and y units may be sequential, alternative, orderly or randomly distributed.

The preferred class of polyamines includes those of the formula The preferred embodiments are presented by the following formula:

The radicals in the brackets may be joined in a headto-head or a head-to-tail fashion. Compounds described by this formula wherein rz=l3 are manufactured and sold as Polyamines N-400, N-SOO, N-l200 etc. Polyamine N-400 has the above formula wherein 11:1.

These compounds may be prepared by a widevariety of methods. One method comprises the reaction of ethanolamine and ammonia under pressure over a fixed bed of a metal hydrogenation catalyst. By controlling the conditions of this reaction one may obtain varying amounts of piperazine and polyamines as well as the branched chain polyalkylene polyamine useful in this invention. This process is described in Australian application No. 42,189, now Australian Patent No. 233,766, and in the German Patent No. 14,480 (March 17, 1958), reported in Chem. Abstracts, August 10, 1949, 1412911.

aaoonoe (Y) {3 These branched polyamines can also be prepared by the following reactions:

vent which forms an azeotropic mixture with water can be used. It is preferred, however, to use an aromatic hy- Hz I NH;

Variations on the above procedure can produce other branched polyamines.

The branched nature of the polyamine imparts unusual propelties to the polyamine and its derivatives.

For the sake of brevity and to simplify presentation, the invention will be described by the selection of one branched polyamine to illustrate the reactions and uses thereof (i.e., N-400). However, it is to be understood that such presentation is purely for illustration and the invention should not be limited thereto.

ACYLATION A wide variety of acylating agents can be employed. Acylation is carried out under dehydrating condition, i.e., water is removed. Any of the well-known methods of acylation can be employed. For example, heat alone, heat and reduced pressure, heat in combination with an azeotroping agent, etc., are all satisfactory.

The temperature at which the reaction between the acylating agent and the branched polyalkylenepolyamine is effected is not too critical a factor. Since the reactions involved appear to be an amide-formation reaction and a condensation reaction, the general temperature conditions for such reactions, which are well known to those skilled in the art, are applicable.

Acylation is conducted at a temperature sufficiently high to eliminate water and below the pyrolytic point of the reactants and the reaction products. In general, the reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 120 to 280 C., but preferably at 140 to 200 C.

The product formed on acylation will vary with the particular conditions employed. First the salt, then the amide is formed. If, however, after forming the amide at a temperature between l40250 C., but usually not above 200 0., one heats such products at a higher range, approximately 250280 C., or higher, possibly up to 300 C., for a suitable period of time, for example, 1-2 hours or longer, one can in many cases recover a second mole of water for each mole of carboxylic acid group employed, the first mole of water being evolved during amidification. The product formed in such cases contains a cyclic amidine ring, such as an imidazoline or a tetrahydropyrirnidine ring. Infrared anaylsis is a convenient method of determining the presence of these groups.

Water is formed as a by-product of the reaction between the acylating agent and the branched polyamine reactant. In order to faciliate the removal of this water, to effect a more complete reaction in accordance with the principle of Le Chatelier, a hydrocarbon solvent which forms an azeotropic mixture with water can be added to the reaction mixture. Heating is continued with the liquid reaction mixture at the preferred reaction temperature, until the removal of water by azeotropic distillation has substantially ceased. In general, any hydrocarbon soldrocarbon solvent of the benzene series. Non-limiting examples of the preferred solvent are benzene, toluene, and xylene. The amount of solvent used is a variable and non-critical factor. It is dependent on the size of the reaction vessel and the reaction temperature selected. Accordingly, a'suflicient amount of solvent must be used to support the azeotopic distillation, but a large excess must be avoided since the reaction temperature will be lowered thereby. Water produced by the reaction can also be removed by operating under reduced pressure. When operating with a reaction vessel equipped with a reflux condenser provided With a water takeoff trap, sufiicient reduced pressure can be achieved by applying a slight vacuurn to the upper end of the condenser. The pressure inside the system is usually reduced to between about 50 and about 300 millimeters. If desired, the water can be removed also by distillation, While operating under rela tively high temperature conditions.

The time of reaction between the acylating agent and the branched polyamine reactant is dependent on the weight of the charge, the reaction temperature selected, and the means employed for removing the water from the reaction mixture. In practice, the reaction is continued until the formation of water has substantially ceased. In general, the time of reaction will vary between about 4 hours and about ten hours.

Although a Wide variety of carboxylic acids produce excellent products, carboxylic acids having more than 6 carbon atoms and less than 40 carbon atoms but preferably 830 carbon atoms give most advantageous products. The most common examples include the detergent forming acids, i.e., those acids which combine with alkalies to produce soap or soap-like bodies. The detergent-forming acids, in turn, include naturally-occurring fatty acids, resin acids, such as abietic acid, naturally occurring petroleum acids, such as naphthenic acids, and carboxy acids, produced by the oxidation of petroleum. As will be subsequently indicated, there are other acids which have somewhat similar charaeteristics and are derived from somewhat ditferent sources and are different in structure, but can be included in the broad generic term previously indicated.

Suitable acids include straight chain and branched chain, saturated and unsaturated, aliphatic, alicyclic, fatty, aromatic, hydroaromatic, and aralkyl acids, etc.

Examples of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids are acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, caproic, heptanoic, caprylic, nonacoic, capric, undecanoic, lauric, tridecanoic, myriatic, pentadecanoic, palmitic, heptadecanoic, stearic, nonadecanoic, eicosanoic, heneicosanoic, docosanoic, tricosanoic, tetracosanoic, pentacosanoic, cerotic, heptacosanoic, montanic, nonacosanoic, melissic and the like.

Examples of ethylenic unsaturated aliphatic acids are acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, anglic, teglic, the pentenoic acids, the hexenoic acids, for example, hydrosorbic acid,

the heptenoic acids, the octenoic acids, the nonenoic acids, the decenoic acids, for example, obtusilic acid, the undecenoic acids, the. dodencenoic acids, for example, lauroleic, linderic, etc., the tridecenoic acids, the tetradecenoic acids, for example, myristoleic acid, the pentadecenoic acids, the hexadecenoic acids, for example, palmitoleic acid, the heptadecenoic acids, the octodecenoic acids, for example, petrosilenic acid, oleic acid, elardic acid, the nonadecenoic acids, for example, the eicosenoicacids, the docosenoic acids, for example, erucic acid, brassidic acid, cetoleic acid, the tetraarsenic acids, and the like.

Examples of dienoic acids are the pentadienoic acids, the hexadienoic acids, for example, sorbic acid, the octadienoic acids, for example, linoleic, and the like. I

Examples of the trienoic acids are the octadecatrienoic acids, for example, linolenic acid, eleostearic acid, pseudoeleostearic acid, and the like.

Carboxylic acids containing functional groups such as hydroxy groups can be employed. Hydroxy acids, particularly the alpha hydroxy acids include glycolic acid, lactic acid, the hydroxyvaleric acids, the hydroxy caproic acids, the hydroxyheptanoic acids, the hydroxy caprylic acids, the hydroxynonanoic acids, the hydroxycapric acids, the hydroxydecanoic acids, the hydroxy lauric acids, the hydroxy tridecanoic acids, the hydroxymyristic acids, the hydroxypentadecanoic acids, the hydroxypalmitic acids, the hydroxyhexadecanoic acids, the hydroxyheptadecanoic acids, the hydroxy stearic acids, the hydroxyoctadecenoic acids, for example, ricinoleic acid, ricinelardic acid, hy droxyoctadecynoic acids, for example, ricinstearolic acid, the hydroxyeicosanoic acids, for example, hydroxyarachidic acid, the hydroxydocosanoic acids, for example, hydroxybehenic acid, and the like.

Examples of acetylated hydroxyacids are ricinoleyl lactic acid, acetyl ricinoleic acid, chloroacetyl ricinoleic acid, and the like.

Examples of the cyclic aliphatic carboxylic acids are those found in petroleum called naphthenic acids, hydrocarbic and chaumoogric acids, cyclopentane carboxylic acids, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, campholic acid, fencblolic acids, and the like.

Examples of aromatic monocarboxylic acids are benzoic acid, substituted benzoic acids, for example, the toluic acids, the xyleneic acids, alkoxy benzoic acid, phenyl benzoic acid, naphthalene carboxylic acid, and the like.

Mixed higher fatty acids derived from animal or vegetable sources, for example, lard, ,cocoanut oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, palm kerner oil, palm oil, olive oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, sardine oil, tallow, soyabean oil, peanut oil, castor oil, seal oils, whale oil, shark oil, and other fish oils, teaseed oil, partially or completely hydrogenated animal and vegetable oils are advantaegously employed. Fatty and similar acids include those derived from various Waxes, such as beeswax, spermaceti, montan wax, japan wax, coccerin and carnauba wax. Such acids include carnaubic acid, cerotic acid, lacceric acid, montanic acid, psyllastearic acid, etc. One may also employ higher molecular weight carboxylic acids derived by oxidation and other methods, such as from paraffin wax, petroleum and similar hydrocarbons; resinic and hydroaromatic acids, such as hexahydrobenzoic acid, hydrogenated naphthoic, hydrogenated carboxy diphenyl, naphthenic, and abietic acid; Twitchell fatty acids, carboxydiphenyl pyridine carboxylic acid, blown oils, blown oil fatty acids and the like.

Other suitable acids include phenylstearic acid, benzoyl nonylic acid, cetyloxybutyric acid, cetyloxyacetic acid, chlorstearic acid, etc.

Examples of the polycarboxylic acids are those of the aliphatic series, for example, oxalic, malonic, succinic,

glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic, sebacic, nonanedicarboxylic acid, decanedicarboxylic acids, undecanedi- -are fumaric, maleic, mesocenic, citraconic, glutonic,

itaconic, muconic, aconitic acids, and the like.

Examples of aromatic polycarboxylic acids are phthalic, isophthalic acids, terephthalic acids, substituted derivatives thereof (e.g., alkyl, chloro, alkoxy, etc. derivatives), biphenyldicarboxylic acid, diphenylether dicarboxylic acids, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acids and the like.

Higher aromatic polycarboxylic acids containing more than two carboxylic groups are himimellitic, trimellitic, trimesic, mellophanic, prehnitic, pyromellitic acids, mellitic acid, and the like.

Other polycarboxylic acids are the dimeric, trimeric, and polymeric acids, for example, dilinoleic, trilinoleic, and other polyacids sold by Emery Industries, and the like. Other polycarboxylic acids include those containing ether groups, for example, diglycolic acid. Mixtures of the above acids can be advantageously employed.

In addition, acid precursors such as acid anhydrides, esters, acid halides, glycerides, etc., can be employed in place of the free acid.

Examples of acid anhydrides are the alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides.

Any alkenyl succinic acid anhydride or the corresponding acid is utilizable for the production of the reaction products of the present invention. The general structural formulae of these compounds are:

Anhydride CHg-C Acid 0 R-CHC OH wherein R is an alkenyl radical. The alkenyl radical can be straight-chain or branched-chain; and it can be saturated at the point of unsaturation by the addition of a substance which adds to olefinic double bonds, such as hydrogen, sulfur, bromine, chlorine, or iodine. It is obvious, of course, that there must be at least two carbon atoms in the alkenyl radical, but there is no real upper limit to the number of carbon atoms therein. However, it is preferred to use an alkenyl succinic acid anhydride reactant having between about 8 and about 18 carbon atoms per alkenyl radical. Although their use is less desirable, the alkenyl succinic acids also react, in accordance with this invention, to produce satisfactory reaction products. It has been found, however, that their use necessitates the removal of water formed during the reaction and also often causes undesirable side reactions to occur to some extent. Nevertheless, the alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides and the alkenyl succinic acids are interchangeable for the purposes of the present invention. Accordingly, when the term alkenyl succinic acid anhydride, is'used herein, it must be clearly understood that it embraces the alkenyl succinic acids as Well as their anhydrides, and the derivatives thereof in which the olefinic double bond has been saturated as set forth hereinbefore. Non-limiting examples of the alkenyl succinic acid anhydride reactant are ethenyl succinic acid anhydrides; ethenyl succinic acid; ethyl succinic acid anhydride; propenyl succinic acid anhydride; sulfurized propenyl succinic acid anhydride; butenyl succinic acid; Z-methylbutenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dichloropentyl succinic acid anhydride; hexenyl succinic acid anhydride; hexyl succinic acid; sulfurized 3-rnethylpentenyl succinic acid anhydride; 2,3-din1ethylbutenyl succinic acid anhydride; 3,3-dirnethylbutenyl succinic acid; 1,2-dibromo-2- ethylbutyl succinic acid; heptenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-diiodooctyl succinic acid, octenyl succinic acid anhydride; Z-methyl-heptenyl succinic acid anhydride; 4-ethylhexenyl succinic acid; 2-isopropylpentenyl succinic acid anhydride; noneyl succinic acid anhydride; 2-propylhexenyl succinic acid anhydride; decenyl succinic acid; decenyl succinic acid anhydride; 5-methyl-2-isopropylhexenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dibromo-2-ethyloctenyl succinic acid anhydride; decyl succinic acid anhydride; undecenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dichloroundecyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dichloro-undecyi succinic acid; 3-ethyl-2-t-butylpentenyl succinic acid anhydride; dodecenyl succinic acid anhydride; dodecenyl succinic acid; 2-propylnonenyl succinic acid anhydride; 3-butyloctenyl succinic acid anhydride; tridecenyl succinic acid anhydride; tetradecenyl succinic acid anhydride; hexadecenyl succinic acid anhydride; sulfurized octadecenyl succinic acid; octadecyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dibromo-Z-methylpentadecenyl succinic acid anhydride; 8-propylpentadecyl succinic acid anhydride; eicosenyl succinic acid anhydride; 1,2-dichloro-2-methylnonadecenyl succinic acid anhydride; Z-octyldodecenyl succinic acid; 1,2-diiodotetracosenyl succinic acid anhydride; hexacosenyl succinic acid; hexacosenyl succinic acid anhydride; and hentriacontenyl succinic acid anhydride.

The methods of preparing the allrenyl succinic acid anhydrides are well known to those familiar with the art. The most feasible method is by the reaction of an olefin with maleic acid anhydride. Since relatively pure olefins are ditficult to obtain, and when thus obtainable, are often too expensive for commercial use, alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides are usually prepared as mixtures by reacting mixtures of olefins with maleic acid anhydride. Such mixtures, as well as relatively pure anhydrides, are utilizable herein.

In summary, without any intent of limiting the scope of the invention, acylation includes amidification, the formation of the cyclic amidine ring, the formation of acid imides such as might occur when anhydrides such as the alkenyl succinic acids are reacted, i.e.

wherein P=branched polyamine residue, polymers as might occur when a dicarboxylic acid is reacted intermo- I lecular with the branched polyamine, cyclization as might occur when a dicarboxylic acid reacts intramolecularly with the polyamine as contrasted to intermolecular reactions, etc. The reaction products may contain other substances. Accordingly, these reaction products are most accurately defined by a definition comprising a recitation of the process by which they are produced, i.e., by acylation.

The moles of acylating agent reacted with the branched polyamine will depend on the number of acylation reactive positions contained therein as well as the number of moles of acylating agent one wishes to incorporate into the molecule. We have advantageously reacted 1 to 10 moles of acylating agent per mole of Polyamine N-400, but preferably 1 to 6 moles. With Polyamine N-800 and N-1200, twice and three times as many moles of acylating agent can be employed respectively, i.e., with Polyamine N800, 1 -20 moles, preferably 1-12; with N-1200, 1-30, but preferably 1-18. Optimum acylation will depend on the particular application.

The following examples are illustrative of the preparation of the acylated branched polyamines.

The following general procedure is employed in acylating. The branched polyamine is mixed with the desired ratio of acid and a suitable azeotroping agent is added. Heat is then applied. After the removal of the calculated amount of water (1 to 2 equivalent per carboxylic acid group of the acid employed), heating is stopped and the azeotroping agent is evaporated under vacuum. The temperature during the reaction can vary from to 200 C. Where the formation of the cyclic amidine type struc ture is desired the maximum temperature is generally 180250 C. and more than one mole of water per carboxylic group is removed. The reaction times range from 4 to 24 hours. Here again, the true test of the degree of reaction is the amount of water removed.

Example 3-A In a 5 liter, 3 necked flask furnished with a stirring device, thermometer, phase separating trap, consenser and heating mantle, 1 mole (400 grams) of Polyamine N-400 is dissolved in an equal weight of xylene, i.e., 400 grams. 845 grams of oleic acid (3 moles) is added to the polyamine with stirring in about ten minutes. The reaction mixture is then heated gradually to about C. in half an hour and then held at about C. over a period of 3 hours until 54 grams (3 moles) of water is col lected in the side of the tube. The solvent is then removed with gentle heating under reduced pressure of approximately 20 mm. The product is a dark, viscous, xylene-soluble liquid.

Example 3-A The prior example is repeated except that the final reaction temperature is maintained at 240 C. and 90 grams (5 moles) of water are removed instead of 54 grams (3 moles). Infrared analysis of the product indicates the presence of a cyclic amidine ring.

The following examples of acylated branched polyamines are prepared in the manner of the above examples from Polyamine N400 by employing 400 grams of polyamine in each example. The products obtained are dark, viscous materials.

In the examples the symbol A identified the acylated branched polyamine. Thus, specifically 1-A, represents acylated Polyamine N-400, which polyamine is employed in all the reactions of the following table.

Thus, the molar combinations thereof. Depending on the particular application desired, one may combine a large proportion of alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, a combination or alternate additions or propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, or smaller proportions thereof in relation to the branched polyamine.

ratio of alkylene oxide to branched polyamine can range TABLE I.A CYLATED PRODUCTS OF POLYAM-INE N-400C0n-tinued These branched polyamines can be oxyalkylated in the conventional manner, for example, by means of an ene oxide, styrene oxide, glycide, methylglycide, etc., or 75 within wide limits, for example, from a 1:1 mole ratio alpha-beta alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, octylene oxide, a higher alkyll l to a ratio of 1000:1, or higher, but preferably 1 to 200. For example, in demulsification extremely high. alkylene oxide ratios are often advantageously employed such as 200-300 or more moles of alkylene oxide per mole of branched polyamine. On the other hand, for certain application such as corrosion prevention and use as fuel oil additives, lower ratios of alkylene oxides are advantageously employed, i.e., 1:10-25 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of branched polyamine. By proper control, desired hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties are imparted to the composition. As is well known, oxyalkylation reactions are conducted under a wide variety of conditions, at low or high pressures, at low or high temperatures, in the presence or absence of catalyst, solvent, etc. For instance oxyalkylation reactions can be carried out at temperatures of from 80200 C., and pressures of from to 200 p.s.i., and times of from min. to several days. Preferably oxyalkylation reactions are carried out at 80 to 120 C. and 10 to p.s.i. For conditions of oxyalkylation reactions see US. Patent 2,792,369 and other patents mentioned therein.

Oxyalkylation is too well known to require a full discussion. For purpose of brevity reference is made to parts one and two of U. S. Patent No. 2,792,371, dated May 14, 1957, to Dickson in which particular attention is directed to the various patents which describe typical oxyalkylation procedure. Furthermore, manufacturers of alkylene oxides furnish extensive information as to the use of oxides. For example, see the technical bulletin entitled, Ethylene Oxide, which has been distributed by the Jefferson Chemical Company, Houston, Texas. Note also the extensive bibliography in this bulletin and the large number of patents which deal with oxyalkylation processes.

The symbol employed to designate oxyalkylation is O. Specifically 1-0 represents oxyalkylated Polyamine N400.

In the following oxyalkylations the reaction vessel employed is a stainless steel autoclave equipped with the usual devices for heating and heat control, a stirrer, inlet and outlet means and the like which are conventional in this type of apparatus. The stirrer is operated at a speed of 250 r.p.m. The branched polyamine, Polyamine N-400 dissolved in an equal Weight of xylene is charged into the reactor. with nitrogen, stirring started immediately and heat applied. The temperature is allowed to rise to approximately 100 C. at which time the addition of the alkylene oxide is started and added continuously at such speed as it is absorbed by the reaction mixture. rate of oxyalkylation slows down appreciably, which generally occurs after about 15 moles of ethylene oxide are added or after about 10 moles of propylene oxide are added, the reaction vessel is opened and an oxyalkylation catalyst is added (in 2 weight percent of the total reactants present). The catalyst employed in the examples is sodium methylate. Thereupon the autoclave is flushed out as before and oxyalkylation completed. In the case of oxybutylation, oxyoctylation, oxystyrenation, and other oxyalkylations, etc., the catalyst is added at the beginning of the operation.

Example 1-0 Using the oxyalkylation apparatus and procedure stated above, the following compounds are prepared: 400 grams (1 mol) of Polyamine 400 are charged into a stainless steel autoclave, swept with nitrogen, stirring started, and autoclave sealed. The temperature is allowed to rise to approximately 100 C. and ethylene oxide is injected continuously until 220 grams (5 mols) total had been added over a one-half hour period. This reaction is exothermic and requires cooling to avoid a rise in temperature. The reaction mass is transferred to a suitable container. Upon cooling to room temperature, the reaction mass is a dark extremely viscous liquid.

The autoclave is sealed, swept When the 1. 2 Example 1-0 The same procedure as Example 1-0 is used exactly except that 396 grams of ethylene oxide (9 mols) is added to 400 grams (1 mol) of Polyamine N-400. This reaction material is a dark viscous liquid at room temperature.

Example 10 Example 1-0.;

A portion of the reaction mass of Example 1-O is transferred to another autoclave and an additional amount of EtO was added. The reaction mass now contains the ratio of 1 mol of N-40O to 40 mols of EtO.

Example 1-0 The addition of ethylene oxide to Example 1-0., is continued until a molar ratio of 1 mol of N-400 to mols of EtO is reached.

Example 1-O The addition of ethylene oxide to Example 1O is continued until a molar ratio of 1 mol of N-400 to 83 mols of E0 is reached.

Example 10 The addition of ethylene oxide to the Example 1-0 is continued until a molar ratioof 1 mol of N-400 to mols of EtO is reached.

Example 2-0 400 grams of N-400 are charged into a conventional stainless steel autoclave. The temperature is raised to C., the autoclave is flushed with nitrogen and sealed. Then 290 grams of propylene oxide (5 mols) are added slowly at 120 C. A sample is taken at this point and labeled 2-O This sample contains 5 mols of PrO for each mol of N400. It is a dark very viscous liquid at room temperature.

Example 2-0 The addition of propylene oxide to 2-0 is continued as follows: The autoclave is opened and 35 grams of sodium methylate are added. The autoclave is again purged with nitrogen and sealed. Propylene oxide is added carefully until an additional 290 grams have been reacted. A sample is taken at this point and labeled 2-O This compound now contains 10 mols of propylene oxide for each mol of N-400.

Example 2-0;,

The oxypropylation of 2-0 is continued until an additional 638 grams of propylene oxide are reacted. A sample is taken at this point and labeled 2O 2O contains 21 mols of propylene oxide for each mol of N-400. At room temperature the product is a dark thick liquid.

This oxyalkylation is continued to produce Examples 2O 2O 2-O 2O A summary of oxyalkylated products produced from N-400 is presented in the following Table II.

The Roman numerals (I), (II), and (III) beside the moles of oxide added indicate the order of oxide addition (I) first, (II) second and (III) third, etc.

TABLE II.OXYALKYLATED PRODUCTS [Moles i oxide/mole N-400] Ex. EtO, Wgt. PrO, Wgt. B110, Wgt. Physical properties Moles (g.) Moles (g.) Moles (g.)

Dark viscous liquid. D0. Semi-solid.

Solid.

Do. Do. Do.

Dark viscous liquid. Do. 21 Do. 43 Do. 71 Do. 84 Do. 110 Do. Do. Do. Do. 40 (II) 2, 320 Do. 03 (II) 3, e54 Do. 88 (II) 3,872 Do. 19 (II) 1,102 Semi-solid. 95 (II) 4, 510 Dark thick liquid.

19 (I) 1,102 Do. 39 (I) 2, 202 Do. 90 (I) 5,508 Do. 105 (I) 0, 090 Do. 5 (I) 290 Solid. 18 (II) 1, 044 5 (I) 360 Dark viscous liquid.

(III) 290 (I) 1,800 Do. 23 (III) 1,334 12 (II) 864 D0. 19 (II) 1,102 (I) 2, 808 Do. as 75 (I) 4,350 10 (II) 720 D0. Octylene oxide, 5 moles, 635 g D0. Octylene oxide, 8 moles, 1,016 g Do. Styrene oxide, 4 moles, 480 g D0. Styrene oxide, 7 moles, 840 g. Do. Epoxide 201, 1 mole, 280 g Solid.

The following table presents specific illustration of com- TABLE H'A' OXYALKYLATED PRODUCTS-Continued pounds other than N-400 and its denvatives. B h d B fl g g l M010, Ph I 1 TABLE IIA.OXYALKYLATED PRODUCTS Example fim e yamme ggiiig,

Mols of Oxide Per MOI of mo Pro Buo Branched Branched Polyumine Physical Example Polynmine Properties (I) 15 (H) 6% v g quill 24-0 3 1o o. Eto Pro B110 24-0 12 (II) 25 (I; Do. 2501 8 (I) 12 (II) 2 (111 Do. 25-02--- 19 (I) 5 (III) 8 (II) Do. Dark Y'lSCOlIS 0 (II) 80 (III) 10 (I) Do. hqu 25-04." 40 (II) 120 (I) 20 111 Do. Do. 25-05." 1 (III) 1 (II) 1 (I) Do. .Do. 25-0 5 (III) 4 (I) 2 (II) 1307 f 26-0 Styrene Oxide, 5 mols Solid.

gg- 26-01. Octylene Oxide, 1O mols D0. D0: gg g AcYLAnIoN THEN OXYA-LKYLATION B3; Prior acylated branched polyarnincs can be oxyalkyl- 3g ated in the above manner by starting with the acylated D branched olyamine instead of the unre-acted amine.

0 u v o gg- Non-'l i-mitlng examples are presented in the following tables. The symbol employed to designate an acyla-ted, 3goxyalkylated branched polyamine is A0. Specifically lA O represents acylated, then oxya'lkylatcd polyg3- amine N-400. Viscgus liquid. Example 30;

Do. For this example an autoclave equipped to handle al- 3; kylene oxides is necessary. 1156 grams (1 mole) of 3-A 15c. (N-400+?) moles oleic acid minus three moles H O) are 3: charged into the autoclave. Following a nitrogen purge g and the addition of 120 grams of sodium methylate, the temperature is raised to 135 C. and 5683 grams of ggg gfl gfi gg- EtO (98 mols) are added. At the completion of this p 5 react1on, 2024 grams of PrO (46 moles) are added and 10 38- the reactlon allowed to go to completion. The resulting Do: P y S a dark viscous fluid soluble in an aromatic 3gsolvent. 'I 1130: Example 15-14 0 O. go. For this example a conventional autoclave equipped 3: to handle alky-lene oxides is necessary. 946 grams of 13 gg. 5- A (N-400+3 moles lauric acid minus 3 moles H 0) are charged into the autoclave. The charge is catalyzed viscous fluid.

Example 7A O For this example a conventional autoclave equipped to handle a-lkylene oxides is necessary. 1314 grams of 7-A (N-400-i-4 moles palmitic acid minus 6.2 moles H O) are charged into the autoclave. Following the addition of 120 grams of sodium methylate and a nitrogen purge, the mass is heated to 135 C. 660 grams of EtO (15 moles) are added and the reaction proceeded to completion. Then 1440 grams of BuO (20 mols) are added and again the reaction proceeded to completion. The resulting polymer is a dark viscous fluid soluble in an aromatic solvent.

These reactions are summarized in the following table:

TABLE III.ACYLATED, OXYALKYLATED N-400 [Moles of oxide/mole of reactant] It; OXYALKYLATION THEN ACYLATION The prior oxyalkylated branched polyamines can be acylated with any of the acylation agents herein disclosed (in contrast to acylation prior to oxyalkylation). Since these reactants also have hydroxy group acylation, in addition to reaction with the amino groups noted above, also includes esterification.

The method of acylation in this instance is similar to that carried out with the polyamine itself, i.e., dehydration wherein the removal of water is a test of the completion of the reaction.

Example J A One mole of 1-0 (620 grams) is mixed with three moles of acetic acid (180 grams) and 400 ml. of xylene at room temperature. The temperature is raised slowly to l20130 C. and refluxed gently for one hour. The temperature is then raised to 150l60 C. and heated EtO PrO BuO Physical Ex. Properties Moles W gt Moles Wgt. Moles Wgt.

s (e) (a) 1A4O1 42 (II) 1, 048 78 (I) Dark, viscous liquid. 1A40g 8 (II) 352 59 (I; Do. 1-A403--- 8 (III) 352 18 (II D 1-A4O4--- 23 (III) 1, 018 47 (I) Do. 3A3O1 12 (I) 22 (II) Solid. 3-A3Oz. 12 (II) 528 29 (1) Dark, thick liquid. 3-A 0 46 (II) 2, 024 98 (I) Do. 4A,O 4 176 Solid. 4A1O2 5 D0. 4AiOa-.. 3 (I) 132 3 (II) D0. 5-A10i- DO. 5A102 2 (I) DO. 5-A O Styrene oxide, 4 moles, 480 grams. Dark, viscous liquid. 5-A O4 Octylene oxide, 5 moles, 635 gram Do. 7-A 0 660 Dark, thick liquid. 7A 0 10 (II) 440 Do. 7A O 109 (II) 4, 700 9-A3O1 (I) 1,018 9AaOz 23 (I) 1,018 9A3Oa 36 (II) 1, 584 11A O 32 (I) 1, 408 11A Oz I3 (I) 572 The following table presents specific illustration of compounds other than N-400 and its derivatives.

TABLE IIIA.AOYLATED, OXYALKYLAIED BRANCHED POLYAMINES Mols of Oxide Per M01 0! Reactant Example Physical Properties EtO PrO BuO 18.A2O1 Dark, viscous liquid. 18-A20g. DO. 18-Az03 Do. 18A1O 5 (III) 40 (II) 10 I) Do. 18A;O Styrene oxide, 4 mols Do. 22-A101. 3 (1) (II) Do. 25A|O1 12 (II) 2 (I) Do. 25A10g Octylene oxide, 5 mols D0. 26A1O1. 10 80 (II) 10 (III) D0. 26A1Og 2 (I) 2 (II) Do. 26A O3 D0. D0. D0. Do. Do. Do. Do. 3IA10z DO. 31-A103 3 D0. 31.A|04. Epoxide 201, 1 mol Do. 33-ArO1 Styrene oxide, 10 mols Do.

until 3 moles of water and all of the xylene are stripped off. The dark product is water-soluble.

Example 2O A One mole of 2-0 (2894 grams) is mixed with one mole of palmitic acid (256 grams) at room temperature. Vacuum is applied and the temperature is raised slowly until one mole of water (18 grams) is removed. This product is a dark viscous liquid.

Example 6-O A product of the catalyst and diglycolic acid. The filtered product is a dark viscous liquid at room temperature.

Table IV contains examples which further illustrate the invention. The symbol employed to designate oxyalkylated, cylated products is 0A.

TABLE IV.OXYALKYLATED, THEN ACYLA'IED BRANCHED POLYAMINE N400 Acylating Agent Water Removed Ex. Physical Moles of Wgt., Properties Name Acylating Gram Moles Wgt. (g)

Agent 3 180 3 54 Dark liquid. 1 282 1 18 D0. 2' 568 2 36 Solid. 1 200 1 18 Dark liquid. 2 457 2 36 D0. 1 256. 4 1 18 Do. 2 564 2 36 Solid. 1 298. 5 1 18 Dark liquid. 1 302. 4 1 18 Dark solid. 1 175 1 18 Dark liquid. 1 280. 4 1 18 D0. 2 564 2 36 Do. 6-0; Maleic anhydride 1 98 1 18 Viscous liquid. 6435A..- Diglycolic 1 134 1 18 Do. 7-0111.-. Laurlc 2 400 2 36 Dark liquid. 8-01- Stearlc 1 284 1 18 Solid.

The following table presents specific illustration of than 0.1% in some instances, to over 1% in other incompounds other than N-400 and its derivatives.

stances.

Acylating Agent Water Removed 1321- Physical ample Mols of Wt. in Wt. in Properties Name Acylating Grams Mols Grams Agent 1 284 1 18 Solid. 2 400 2 36 Viscous liquid. 1 134 1 18 Dark liquid. 1 98 Viscous liquid 2 564 1 18 Do. 1 280. 4 1 18 Do. 1 175 1 18 Do. 1 302 1 18 Solid. 1 298 1 18 Viscous liquid. 2 564 2 36 Do. 1 256 1 r 18 Solid. 2 457 2 36 D0. 1 200 1 18 Do. 2 568 2 36 Do. I l 282 1 18 Viscous liquid. 1 60 1 18 Do. 1 286 1 18 D0. 1 166 1 18 Solid. 2 330 2 36 Viscous liquid. 1 330 1. 9 34 Do. 1 122 1 18 Do. 26-O;A 1 200 1.8 32 Do.

HEAT TREATMENT OF OXYALKYLATED PRODUCTS The oxyalkylated products described herein, for example, those shown in Table II relating to oxyalkylated branched polyamines and those in Table III relating to oxyalkylated, prior acylated, branched polyamines can be heat treated to form useful compositions.

In general, the heat treatment is carried out at 200- 250 C. Under dehydrating conditions, where reduced pressure and a fast flow, of nitrogen is used, lower temperatures can be employed, for example 150-200 C.

Water is removed during the reaction, such as by? means of a side trap. Nitrogen passing through the reaction mixture and/or reduced pressure can be used to facilitate Water removal. 4

The exact compositions cannot be depicted by the usual chemical formulas for the reason that the structures are subject to a Wide variation.

The heat treatment is believed to result in the polymerization of these compounds and is effected by heating same at elevated temperatures, generally in the neighborhood of 200-270 0., preferably in the presence of catalysts, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroyide, sodium ethylate, sodium glycerate, or catalysts of the kind commonly employed in the manufacture of superglycerinated fats, calcium chloride, iron and the like. The proportion of catalyst employed may vary from slightly less Conditions must be such as to permit the removal of water formed during the process. At times the process can be conducted most readily by permitting part of the volatile constituents to distill, and subsequently subjecting the vapors to condensation. The condensed volatile distillate usually contains Water formed by reaction. The water can be separated from such condensed distillate by any suitable means, for instance, distilling with Xylene, so as to carry over the Water, and subseuuentlv removing the xylene. The dried condensate is then returned to the reaction chamber for further use. In some instances, condensation can best be conducted in the presence of a high-boiling solvent, which is permitted to distill in such a manner as to remove the Water of reaction. In any event, the speed of reaction and the character of the polymerized product depend not only upon the original reactants themselves, but also on the nature and amount of catalyst employed, on the temperature employed, the time of reaction, and the speed of water removal, i.e., the efiectiveness with Which the Water of reaction is removed from the combining mass. Polymerization can be effected Without the use of catalysts in some instances, but

such procedure is generally undesirable, due to the fact that the reaction takes a prolonged period of time; and usually a significantly higher temperature. The use of catalyst such as iron, etc. fosters the reaction.

The following examples are presented to illustrate heat 19 treatment. The symbol used to designate a heat treated oxyalkylated polyamine is OH and an acylated, oxyalkylated product is AOH. In all examples 500 grams of starting material and a temperature of 225-250 C. are employed.

Example 1O H A conventional glass resin vessel equipped with a stirrer and water trap is used. Five hundred grams of 1-0 are charged into the above resin vessel along with five grams of CaCl The temperature is raised to 2252S0 C. and heated until 50 grams of Water (2.8 mols) are evolved. This process takes 7.5 hours of heating. The product is an extremely viscous material at room temperature. However, upon warming slightly this product dissolves easily in water.

Example 2O H The process of the immediately previous example is repeated using 2-0 but substituting sodium methylate for calcium chloride. The product is a dark, viscous, watersoluble material.

Example 60 H The process of Example 1-O H is repeated using 6 O but substituting powdered iron for calcium chloride.

TABLE V.HEAT TREATED $11 OXYALKYLATED AND (2) ACYLATED, OXYALKYLA ED POLYAMINE N-400 All of the above products are dark, viscous liquids.

The following table presents specific illustration of compounds other than N-400 and its derivatives.

TABLE VA.HEAT TREATED (1) OXYALKYLATED AND gfiflfigaYLATED, OXYALKYLATED BRANCHED POLY- Weight of Mols of Time in Example Catalyst (5 grams) Water H2O Hours Removed Removed 31 1. 7 7. 5 61 3. 4 8. 33 1. 8 6. 8 63 3. 5 8. 0 47 2. 6 8. 5 27 1. 5 7. 5 50 2. 8 8. 0 54 3.0 8. 5 40 2. 2 10. 0 56 3. 1 9. 3 63 3. 5 8. 0 58 3. 2 7. 5 29 1. 6 8. 5 50 2. 8 7. 5 29 1. 6 8. 5 63 3. 5 8. 0 33 1. 8 6. 8 27 1. 5 7. 5 33-A1Oill' KOEL. 50 2. 8 8. 0

All of the above products are dark viscous liquids.

20 ALKYLATION Alkylation relates to the reaction of the branched polyamine and derivatives thereof with alkylating agents.

Any hydrocarbon halide, e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, aralkyl, etc, halide which contains at least one carbon atom and up to about thirty carbon atoms or more per molecule can be employed to alkylate the products of this invention. It is especially preferred to use alkyl halides having between about one to about eighteen carbon atoms per molecule. The halogen portion of the alkyl halide reactant molecule can be any halogen atom, i.e., chlorine, bromine, fluorine, and iodine; In practice, the alkyl bromides and chlorides are used, due to their greater commercial availability. Non-limiting examples of the alkyl halide reactant are methyl chloride; ethyl chloride; propyl chloride; n-butyl chloride;'sec-butyl iodide; t-butyl fluoride; n-amyl bromide; isoamyl chloride; n-hexyl bromide; n-hexyl iodide; heptyl fluoride; 2-ethyl-hexyl chloride; n-octyl bromide; decyl iodide; dodecyl bromide; 7-ethy1-2-methyl-undecyl iodide; tetradecyl bromide; hexadecyl bromide; hexadecyl fluoride; heptadecyl chloride; octadecyl bromide; docosyl chloride; tetracosyl iodide; hexacosyl bromide; octacosyl chloride; and triacontyl chloride. In addition, alkenyl halides can also be employed, for example, the alkenyl halides corresponding to the above examples. In addition, the halide may contain other elements besides carbon and hydrogen as, for example, where dichloroethylether is employed.

The alkyl halides can be chemically pure compounds or of commercial purity. Mixtures of alkyl halides, having carbon chain lengths falling within the range specified hereinbefore, can also be used. Examples of such mixtures are mono-chlorined wax and mono-chlorinated kerosene. Complete instructions for the preparation of monochlorowax have been set forth in United States Patent 2,238,790.

Since the reaction between the alkyl halide reactant and the branched polyamine is a condensation reaction, or an alkylation reaction, characterized by the elimination of hydrogen halide, the general conditions for such reactions are applicable herein. It is preferable to carry out the reaction at temperatures of between about and about 250 C., preferably between about C. and about 200 C., in the presence of a basic material which is capable of reacting with the hydrogen halide to remove it. Such basic materials are, for example, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, pyridine, tertiary alkyl amines, alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, and the like.

It is preferred to perform the reaction between the alkyl halide reactant and the branched polyamine reactant in a hydrocarbon solvent under reflux conditions. The aromatic hydrocarbon solvents of the benzene series are especially preferable. Non-limiting examples of the preferred solvent are benzene, toluene, and xylene. The amount of solvent used is a variable and non-critical factor. It is dependent on the size of the reaction vssel and on the reaction temperature selected. For example, it will be apparent that the amount of solvent used can be so great that the reaction temperature is lowered thereby.

The time of reaction between the alkyl halide reactant and the branched polyamine is dependent on the weight of the'charge, the reaction temperature selected, and the means employed for removing the hydrogen halide from the reaction mixture. In practice, the reaction is continued until no more hydrogen halide is formed. In general, the time of reaction will vary widely such as between about four and about ten hours.

It can be postulated that the reaction between the alkyl halide reactant and the branched polyamine results in the formation of products where the alkyl group of the alkyl halide has replaced a hydrogen atom attached to a nitrogen atom. It is also conceivable that alkylation of an alkylene group of the branched polyamine can occur. However, the exact composition of any given reaction 21 product cannot be predicted. For example, when two moles of butyl bromide are reacted with one mole of Polyami-ne Ti -4G0, a mixture of mono-, diand triand higher N-alkylated products can be produced. Likewise, the alkyl groups can be substituted on different nitrogen atoms in different molecules or the branched polyamine.

Thus, the term alkylation as employed herein and in the claims includes alkenylation, cycloalkenyl-ation, aralkylation, etc., and other hydr-ocarbonylation as well as alkyation itself.

In general, the following examples are prepared by re acting the alkyl halide with the branched polyamine at the desired ratio in the presence of one equivalent of base for each equivalent HCl given off during the reaction. Water formed during the reaction is removed by distillation. Where the presence of the anions, such as chlorine, bromine, etc., is not material and salts and quaternary compounds are desired, no base is added.

The following examples are presented to illustrate the alkylation of the branched polyamines.

Example -K One mole of each of the following: tetradecylchloride, Polyarnine N400, and sodium bicarbonate are placed in a reaction vessel equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a thermometer and a condenser reflux take-off for removal of water from the reaction as it is evolved in an azeotropic mixture of water and a hydrocarbon solvent. The reflux take-oif is filled with xylene. The stirred reactants are heated to about 80 C. whereupon an exothermic reaction causes the temperature to rise to about 130 C. The reaction temperature is then increased to 160 C. and held there for two hours. Then, xylene is added to the reaction vessel in an amount suflicient to cause an xylene reflux to take place at a temperature of ISO-170 C. The reaction is continued for six hours or until the theoretical amount of water is removed. Thereupon, an equal volume of xylene is added to the reaction mixture and the resultant solution is filtered. This filtrate is then evaporated under reduced pressure to yield a dark amber oil. No halogen was present in this product as evidenced by a negative Beilstein copper wire test.

Example 5K X The above reaction is repeated except that no sodium bicarbonate is employed in the reaction. The reaction product contained chlorine.

The reactions shown in the following table are carried out in a similar manner. Each reaction in the table is carried out in two ways-(1) in the presence of base as in 5-K to yield the halogen-free alkylation product Table VI and (2) in the absence of base to yield halogen containing products in the manner of SK X, Table VII.

The alkylated products of this invention contain primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary amino groups. By controlling the amount of alkylation agent employed and the conditions of reaction, etc., one can control the type and amount of alkylation. For example, by reaction less than the stoichiometric amount of alkyl-ation agent one could preserve the presence of nitrogen-bonded hydrogen present on .the molecule and by exhaustive alkylation in the presence of sufficient basic material, one

can form more highly alkylated compounds.

The moles of alkylating agent reacted with the branched polyamine will depend on the number of alkylation reactive positions contained therein as well as the number of moles of alkylating agent one wishes to in- 1 corporate into the molecule. Theoretically every hydro- 22 1-20 moles, preferably 1-12; with Polyamine N-1200, 1-30 but preferably 1-18. Optimum alltylation will depend on the particular application.

In addition, the alkyl halide may contain functional groups. For example, chloroacetic acid can be reacted with the branched polyamines to yield a compound cont-aining carboxylic acid groups, PN-CH COOH, wherein P is the residue of the polyarnine.

In addition, the branched polyamine can be alkylated with an alkyl halide such as alkyl chloride and then reacted with chloroacetic acid to yield an a'lkylated polyamine containing carboxylic acid groups The symbol employed to designate an alkylated polyamine is K. Where the produce is a salt of or a quaternayr the symbol is KX.

TABLE VI. ALKYLATED PRODUCTS Ratio, Moles of Ex. Alkylating Agent Alkylating Agent] Physical Mole oi Polyamine Properties 400 or Derivatives 1-K1 Butyl chloride 1:1 Viscous liquid. ldo 3:1 Do. l-K-i ("in 5:1 DO. 2-K1 N-amyl bromide 2:1 Do. 2- -f1fl 4:1 Do. 6:1 D0. 3:1 Do. 5:1 D0. 7:1 Do. 2:1 Semi-solid. 3:1 D0. 4 do 5:1 Solid. 5-K1 Tetradecyl chloride 1:1 Semi-solid. 5-1 do 3:1 Solid. 5-K rln 6:1 D0. 6-K Octadecyl chloride 1:1 Semi-solid. 6-16 do 3:1 Solid (iv- 4:1 D0. 7-K: Benzyl chloride 1:1 Viscous liquid.

5:1 Solid. 3:1 D0. 3:1 Viscous liqui 4:1 Do. 8J6 do 6:1 Do. 9-Kr Dodecenyl chloride 1:1 Do. 9-K, do 3:1 Semi-solid. 9K dO 5:1 D0. 10-111- Dodecylbenzyl 2: 1 Solid.

chloride. 10-K do 4:1 D0. 10- -do 5:1 Do. 11-111 1,4-dichlorobutene-2--- 1:2 Viscous liquid ll-"R's do 2:1 D0. 11-10 rlo 3:1 DO. 12-111 1,4-xylylene dichloride- 1:2 Do. 12-1? do 3:1 Do. 12-K3 "do 5:1 Do. 13-K1 dichlorodiethylether... 1:! Do. 13-16 (in 3:1 Do.

5:1 Semi-solid. 8:1 Solid. Methyl chloride. 6:1 Liquid. Dimethy 4:1 Do. Ethylene dichloride--. 2: 1 Viscous liquid. 5-01AK l,4-dichlorobutcne-2 4:1 'Do. 111140 111.--" Dodec-yl chloride 3:1 Semi-solid. 7-1110: n-Amylbromide 4:1 Viscous liquid. 4-O HK 1,4-xylylene dichloride 3:1 Do. G-O HK Methyl chloride 6:1 Liquid. 71 1 0 1111. Dichlorodiethylether 4:1 Viscous liquid. 11-AiO HK.-. .d0 .1 411 Do.

The following table presents specific illustration of compounds other than N-400 and its derivatives.

TABLE VI-A.ALKYLATED PRODUCTS Ratio Mols of Branched Alkylating Agent Physical Example Polyamine Alkylating Agent Per M01 or Properties Branched Polyamiue of Derivatives Benzyl chloride 2:1 Viscous liquid.

3:1 Do. 5:1 D0. 1: 1 Semi-solid. 3:1 Do. 1:1 Viscous liquid. 2:1 D0. 3:1 D0. 1:1 D0. 3:1 D0. do 5:1 Do. Methyl chloride 6:1 Do. n-Amyl bromide. 3: 1 Do. 1:1 Do. 2:1 D0. 1:1 DO. Allyl chloride 2:1 Do. Octadecyl chloride- 3:1 Do. n-Amyl bromide 1:1 Do. Benzyl chloride. 2:1 Do. Diehloropentaue- 1: 1 D0. 25111011111" Methyl chloride 1:1 Do,

TABLE VII.SALT AND QUATERNA'RY PRODUCTS OF ALKYLATED N400 iAN'D DERIVATIVES Ratio, Moles of Ex. Alkylating Agent Alkylating Agent] Physical Moles of Polyamine Properties N -400 or derivative 1-K1X Butyl chloride 1:1 Viscous liquid. 1-K X do 3:1 Do. 5:1 D0. 2:1 Do. 4:1 Do. 2-K3X --d 6:1 Do. 3-K1X Z-ethyl-hcxyl 3:1 D0.

chloride. 3-K2X 0 :1 Do. do 7:1 Do.

Dodeeyl chlori 2:1 Semisolid. 3:1 Solid. 5:1 D0. 1:1 Semisolid. 321 Solid. 6:1 D0. 1:1 D0. 3:1 D0. 4:1 Do. 1:1 Semisolid. 5:1 0. 3:1 D0. 3:1 Viscous liquid. 4:1 Do. do 6:1 Do. Dodecenyl chloride 1 :1 Semisolid. do 3:1 Solid. do 5:1 Do. Dodecylbenzyl 2:1 D0.

chloride. do 4:1 Do. do 5:1 Do.

1,4-dichlorobutene-2 1:2 Viscous liquid. do 2:1 Do. --do 3:1 Do. 1,4-xylyleue (11- 1:2 D0.

chloride. do 3:1 Do. do 5:1 Do. Dichlorodiethylether. 1 1 Do. do 3:1 Semisolid. o 6:1 Solid. Benzylchloride 8:1 Do. Methyl chloride. 6:1 Liquid Dimethylsuliate 4:1 Viscous liquid. 2-O1AKX Ethylene dichloride" 2:1 Do. 5O1AKX 1,4-dichlorbutene-2.-- 4:1 D0. 1-A4O3KX Dodecyl chloride 3:1 Sernli-d so 1 7A1O1KX. n-Arnylbromide 4:1 Viscous liquid. 4-O2HKX 1,4-xylylene di- 3:1 Do.

chloride. 6OzHKX..-.. Methyl chloride 6:1 Do.

TABLE VII.SALT AND QUAIERNARY PRODUCTS OF 'ALKYLAJIE'D N-40O AND DERIVATIVES-Continued The following table presents specific illustration of compounds other than N-40O and its derivatives.

TABLE VIIA.SALT AND QUATERNARY PRODUCTS OF @kgggLATED BRANCHED POLYAMINE AND DERIVA- Ratio, Mols of Example Alkylating Agent Allcylating Agent/ Physical Mols of Polyaniine Properties or Derivative Ethylene dichloride 2:1 Solid. n-Amyl bromide. 3 1 D0. Dichlorodiethylether. 4: 1 Do. Dimethyl sulfate---" 3:1 Do. Methyl chloride. 2:1 Do. 1,4-xylene diehlori 5:1 D0. Dodiecylbenzyl chlo- 8:1 Semi-solid.

ri e. 1,4 dichlorobutene-2 3:1 Do. Benzyl chloride- 4 1 D0. Methyl chloride- 3 1 Do. Ethylene dichlorid 2:1 Do. Dodecyl ehloride 1:1 Do. Dichlorodiethylether. 1 :1 Solid. Benzyl chloride 3: 1 Do. do 2:1 Do. 1:1 D0. 5:1 Do. 4:1 Do. do 3:1 Do. Dichloro diethylether 3: 1 Do. d n 2: 1 D0. 25A1OzHKX do 1:1 Do.

ALKYLATED THEN ACYLATION The alkylated material prepared above can be further treated with acylating agent where residual acylatable amino groups are still present on the molecule. The acylation procedure is essentially that described above wherein carboxylic acids react with the alkylated polyamine under dehydrating conditions to form amides and cyclic amidines. The product depends on the ratio of moles of water removed for each carboxylic acid group, i.e., 1 mole Water/1 mole carboxylic essentially amides; more than 1 mole water/1 mole carboxylic acid group, essentially cyclic amidines, such as imidazolines.

Such compounds are illustrated in the following table. The symbol employed to designated alkylated acylated products is KA and acylated, alkylated, acylated products is AKA.

26 cinnamic acid and esters, styrene, styrene derivatives and related compounds, hutadiene, vinyl ethers, vinyl ketones, maleic esters, vinyl sulfones, etc.

In addition, the polyamine and derivative thereof con- TABLE VIIL-ACYLATED, PRIOIEZINPEIKYLATED BRANCHED POLYA- Moles of Acylating Moles Physical Ex. Aeylating Agent Agent/Mole Wgt. Water Properties of N-O or Removed Derivative Olele 2 564 3. 1 Viscous liquid. Stearie 3 852 3. O colic]. Laurie 2 400 2. 8 Viscous liquid. Palmitic 3 769 4. 1 Do. Dimeric 1 600 2. 2 D0. Alkenyl (C12) succinic 1 266 0. 5 Solid.

anhydride'. 1e 1 282 1. 7 Viscous liquid. do. 2 564 3.1 Do. Laurie 2 400 2.8 Do. Ricinoleie- 2 598 3. 0 D0. 1O.1KA Oleio 1 282 1.5 Do. 3A;4KA1 Alkeuyl (C 2) suceinic 1 266 Solid.

anhydride. i 2- Oleic 1 282 1. 5 Viscous liquid.

The following table presents specific illustration of compounds other than N-400 and its derivatives.

taining active hydrogens can be used to prepare telomers of polymer prepared from vinyl monomers.

TABLE VIIIA.--AGYLATED, PRfkO1VI%N%LKYLATED BRANCHED POLY- OLEFINATION Olefination relates to the reaction of the polyamine and derivatives with olefins.

The compositions of this invention, including the branched polyamine itself as well as reaction products thereof containing active hydrogens, can be reacted with unsaturated compounds, particular compounds containing activated double bonds, so as to add the polyamine across the double bonds as illustrated herein:

Where the compound contains an additional active hydrogen, other unsaturated molecules can be added to the original molecule for example:

Where one or more active hydrogens are present at another reactive site, the following reaction could take place:

The reaction is carried out in the conventional manner which can be reacted with the polyamine and derivatives thereof including the following-acrylonitrile, acrylic and methacrylic acids and esters, crotonic acid and esters,

The following are examples of olefination. The symbol employed to designate olefination is U and alkylation, olefination KU.

Example 1U The olefiuation reaction is carried out in the usual Iglass resin'apparatus. Since the reaction is that of .a double bond with an active hydrogen, no water is eliminated. The reaction is relatively simple, as shown by the following example: 1

, Charge 4-00 grams of N-400 (1 mol) into glass resin apparatus. Care should be taken that the N400 is Waterfree, to eliminate undesirable side reactions. At room temperature, slowly add 53 grams of acrylonitrile (1 mol). The reaction proceeds smoothly without the aid of a catalyst. Warm gently to -100 C. and stir for one hour.

Example 6-U To 800 grams of N-400 (2 mols) in 800 grams of xylene, add 124 grams of divinyl sulfone (1 mol) at room temperature. This reaction is exothermic and care must be taken to prevent an excessive rise in temperature which would cause cross-linking and insolubilization.

Example 3O U Same reactions as Example 1-U except that 1 mol of methyl aorylate is substituted for acrylonitrile and 3-0 is substituted for the N-400. Part of this product is thereupon saponiiied with sodium hydroxide to form the fatty amino acid salt.

Further examples of the reaction are summarized in the following table:

TABLE IX.OLEFINATION The following table presents specific illustration of compounds other than N-400 and its derivatives.

TABLE IXA.OLEFINA'IION Mols of Olefin/M01 of Example Branched Olefin Branched Polyamine Time Temp., 0.

Polyamine or Branched Polyamine Derivative Acrylonitrile 1: 1 80-100 1:1 80-100 1:1 80-100 1:1 125 2:1 80-100 1:1 80100 2:1 120 2:1 120 1:1 120 1:1 120 1:1 100 Styrene 2:1 100 Acrylonitrile. 2: 1 100 Ethyl cinnarnate 1:1 110 Ethyl crotonate- 1:1 120 Divinyl sulfone- 2:1 80 Lauryl methacrylate. 3:1 130 25-A103HU Acrylonitrile 1:1 90 16-KaHXU Dlvinyl sullone. 1: 1 90 K1U Styrene 4:1 90 33-A1O1KU.-. 2:1 90 -A101HKU..-. -dn 1:1 90

Lesser molar ratios of aldehyde to polyamine would CARBONYLATION yield monoor di-Schiifs base rather than a tri-Schiffs base such as Carbonylatron relates to the reaction of the branched H H H polyamine and derivatives with aldehydes and ketones. C=N-(CH;4CH N) CH CH NOH CHgN-CH OH NH,

Where primary amino groups are present on the poly- I Hz amine reactants, Schitfs bases can be formed on reaction HO H with carbonyl compounds. For example, where an alde- 2 hyde such as salicylaldehyde is reacted with Polyamine NH! N-400 in a ratio of 3 moles of aldehyde to 1 mole of 01 amine the folowin t e of com ound could be H H H P y g yp p 0=N(0]1,0H,N omomN-cmonm-cmcrtmm formed.

H2 H0 E 1 N H H H H I C=N(CHCH Nh-CHgCHzE-CH CH NCH CH NdF H: HO- OH 0H 1 and other isomeric configurations, such as where the Schifis base is present on the branched amino group rather than on the terminal amino group, etc. 7 A wide variety of aldehyde may be employed such as aliphatic, aromatic, cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic, etc., in-

2 3 eluding substituted derivatives such as those containing aryloxy, halogen, heterocyclic, amino, nitro, cyano, carboxyl, etc. groups thereof. Non-limiting examples are the following:

Aldehydes 5 Benzaldehyde Z-methylbcnzaldehyde 3-methylbenzaldehyde 4-methylbenzaldehyde Z-methoxybenzaldehyde 4-methoxybenzaldehyde a-Naphthaldehyde b-Naphthaldehyde 4-phenylbenzaldehyde Propionaldehyde n-Butyraldehyde Heptaldehyde Aldol 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde Z-hydroxy-6-methylbenzaldehyde Z-hydroxy-S-methoxybenzaldehyde 2-4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde 2-6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Z-hydroxynaphthaldehyde-1 1-hydroxynaphthaldehyde-2 Anthrol-2-aldehyde-1 Z-hydroxyfluorene-aldehyde-1 4-hydroxydiphenyl-aldehyde-3 3-hydroxyphenanthrene-aldehyde-4 1-3-dihydroxy-2-4-dialdehydebenzene 30 2-hydroxy-5-chlorobenzaldehyde 2-hydroxy-3 S-dibromobenzaldehyde 2-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzaldehyde 2-hydroxy-3-cyanobenzaldehyde Z-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzaldehyde 4-hydroxypyridine-aldehyde-3 4-hydroxyquinoline-aldehyde-3 7-hydroxy-quinoline-aldehyde-8 Formaldehyde Glyoxal Glyceraldehyde SchiFEs bases are prepared with the polyamines of this invention in a conventional manner such as described in Synthetic Organic Chemistry, by Wagner and Zool: (1953, Wiley), pages 728-29.

Where more extreme conditions are employed, the products may be more complex wherein the carbonyl reactant instead of reacting intrarnolecularly in the case of a Schiifs base may react intermolecularly so as to act as a a bridging means between two or more polyamino compounds, thus increasing the molecular weight of the polyarnine as schematically shown below in the case where formaldehyde is the carbonyl compound:

In addition to increasing the molecular weight by means 39 of aldehydes, these compounds result in the formation of cyclic compounds. Probably both molecular weight increase and cyclization occur during the reaction.

The following examples illustrate the reaction of carbonyl compounds with branched polyarnines. The symbol employed to designate carbonylation is C, acylatiiog carbonylation AC, and alkylation, carbonylation Example 1-C' Charge 460 grams of N400 and 400 grams of xylene into a conventional glass resin apparatus fitted with a stirrer, thermometer and side-arm trap. Raise temperature to 120 C. and slowly add 122 grams of salicylaldehyde (1 mol). Hold at this temperature for 2 hours. Vacuum is then applied until all xylene is stripped on. The reaction mass is a thick dark liquid which is soluble in water.

Examples 6-C Using the same apparatus asabove, charge 400 grams of N-400. While stirring, add slowly at room'temperature 82 grams of 37% aqueous formaldehyde (1 mol of HCHO). This reaction is exothermic and the temperature must be controlled with an ice bath. After the exothermic reaction has ceased, raise temperature to 100 C. The reaction mass may be stopped at this point. It is a viscous water-soluble material. However, it is possible to continue heating under vacuum until all of the water has been eliminated. Cross-linking occurs with this procedure and care must be taken to prevent insolubllization.

Further examples of this reaction are summarized in the following table:

TABLE X.-CARBONYLATION Compound Aldehyde M01 Temp, Time Ratio G.

1-0 Salicylaldehyde 1/1 120 2 hrs. 1-Cz do 2/1 120 2 hrs. 1-0 d 3/1 120 2 hrs. 2-01 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy- 1/1 130 4 hrs.

benzaldehyde.

2/1 130 4 hrs. 3/1 130 4 hrs. /1 130 4 hrs. 1/1 110 1 hr. 2/1 110 1 hr. 3/1 110 1 hr.

3/1 90 2 hrs. 3/1 v130 5 hrs. 3/1 2 hrs. Glyoxal 2/1 100 1 hr. Glyeeraldehyde 2/1 135 3 hrs.

Fur1ural lehyde 2/1 150 1 hr.

1/1 120 2 hrs. 1/1 120 2 hrS. 1/1 120 2 hrs. 2/1 120 2 hrs.

1 Start, C. Raise to 100 C.

The following table presents specific illustration of compounds other than N400 and its derivatives.

TABLE X-A.-CARBONYLATION Compound Branched Aldehyde M01 Temp., Time Polyaruine Ratio C.

10-0 N-800 Formaldehyde 2:1 1 hour 10-Cv N-SOO do 1:1 80 Do. 0. 5:1 80 Do. cotaldehydo 2:1 Do. l \'lo 1:1 100 Do. 0.521 100 Do. Salicylaldehyde 3:1 Do. rlo 2:1 120 Do. do 1:1 120 Do. Benzaldehyde 3:1 110 D0. 2:1 110 Do. 1:1 110 Do. 1:1 105 Do. 0. 5:1 105 Do. 0.25:1 105 Do.

1: 1 2 hours. n 0. 5:1 130 Do. 0 Furiuraldehyde 1:1 80 1 hour. 12-O1HUC 1- 0. 5:1 80 Do.

Example Designation Meaning Acylated.

Acylated then oxyalkylated.

Acylated, then oxyalkylated, then acrylated. Acylated, then oxyalkylated, then heat treated. Salt or quaternary of (1).

Salt or quaternary of (2).

Salt or quaternary of (3).

Salt or quaternary of (4).

Oxyalkylated.

Oxyallrylated, then acylated.

Oxyalkylated, then heat treated.

Alkylated Salt or quaternary of (12). Alkylated, then acylated. Aeylated, then alkylated. Salt or quaternary of (15).

Oxyalkylated, then alkylated. Salt or quaternary of (17).

Carbonylated.

Acylated, then earbonylated. Alkylated, then carbonylated. Carbonylated, then oxyalkylated. Olefinated.

Aeylated, then olefinated. Alkylated, then olefinated. Salt or quaternary of (25).

USE AS A CHELATING AGENT This phase of the invention relates to the use of the compounds of our invention as chelating agents and to the chelates thus formed.

Chelation is a term applied to designate cyclic structures arising from the combination of metallic atoms with organic or inorganic molecules or ions. Chelates are very important industrially because one of the unusual features of the chelate ring compounds is their unusual stability in which respect they resemble the aromatic rings of organic chemistry. Because of the great afiinity of chelating compounds for metals and because of the great stability of the chelates they form, they are very important industrially.

The compositions of this invention are excellent chelating agents. They .are particularly suitable for forming chelates of great stability with a wide variety of metals.

chelating metals comprise magnesium, aluminum, arsenic, antimony, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, palladium, and platinum. Particularly preferred of such metals as chelate constituents are iron, nickel, copper and cobalt.

The chelates formed from the compositions of our invention are useful as bactericidal and fungicidal agents, particularly in the case of the copper chelates. In addition the chelates can be employed to stabilize hydrocarbon oils against the deleterious effects of oxidation.

In general, these chelates are prepared by adding a sufiicient amount of a metal salt to combine with a compound of this invention. They are prepared by the general method described in detail by Hunter and Marriott in the Journal of the Chemical Society (London), 1937, 2000, which relates to the formation of chelates from metal ions and salicylidene imines.

The following examples are illustrative of the preparation of the chelates.

Example 8-11 To a solution of 0.1 mole of the chelating agent of Example 8-A in alcohol is added 0.1 mole of cupric acetate monohydrate. After most of the alcohol is evaporated, a green solid precipitates which analysis indicates to be the copper chelate.

32 Example 6-K,

The above procedure is used except the cobaltous acetate tetrahydrate is employed to yield a red solid which analysis indicates to be the cobaltous chelate.

Example 4A C Th above procedure is used except that nickelous acetate, Ni(OAC) .4H O is employed. A dark green product is formed.

To save repetitive detail, chelates are formed from the above nickel, cobalt and copper salts, and the compounds shown in the following table.

CHELATING AGENTS 1. A compound selected from the group consisting of (1) an acylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula NHe-(R-Jh); RN-- RNH:

it [a]. L 1'.

l lfiz Y wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms,

wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms,

33 x is an integer of 4 to 24, y is an integer of 1 to 6, and z is an integer of -6, formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with an alkylene oxide having at least 2 carbon atoms,

(3) an alkylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula 2. A metal chelate of a compound selected from the f 1 group consisting of IIIH (1) an acylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine If 7 NH: Y

(4) an olefinated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms,

containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms, x is an integer of 4 to 24, y is an integer of 1 to 6, and z is an integer of 0-6, formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with a compound selected from the group consisting of (i) a carboxylic acid having 7-39 carbon atoms and (ii) a precursor of said 'carboxylic acid capable of forming said acide in said reaction,

(2) an oxyalkylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups 1 an integer f 4m 24 40 alndfat 1631.51, one tertiary amino group and having is an integer of 1 to 6, and t 6 0mm a z is an integer of 0-6, 1 1

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with NH:(RN); RN RNH:

an olefinating agent having at least 2 carbon atoms,

(5 a carbonylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula I r wherein NH2(RN)X RNRNH1 R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms, l: I :l x is an integer of 4 to 24,

I y is an integer of l to 6, and R z is an integer of 0-6, 1131; y formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with wherein 7 (33:1 alkyllenet oixidde hazing a? least Zficarbon altoms,

an a y a e eriva we 0 a po ya y enepo yamine 5 alkylene group havmg at least two carbon containing at least three primary amino groups and x is aninteger of 4 to 24, at least one tertlary ammo group and having the y is an integer of 1 to6, and formula 2 is an integer of 0-6, formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with NHz-(R-N); RN- -RNH,

a carbonyl compound, and (6) a derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine contain- [I 1 ing at least three primary amino groups and at least 1 one tertiary amino group and having the formula R V I THz JV NIL-(RAG): RN--- ENE; wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon l: 1 atoms,

7 x is an integer of 4 to 24, B y is an integer of 1 to 6, and ing, y z is an integer of 0-6,

35 formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with an alkylating agent having 1 to 30 carbon atoms,

(4) an olefinated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula NHr- (Br-I l) x RNH:

wherein R is a alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms,

x is an integer of 4 to 24,

y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of -6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with an olefinating agent having at least 2 carbon atoms, (5) a carbonylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms, x is an integer of 4 to 24, y is an integer of 1 to 6, and z is an integer of 0-6, formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with a carbonyl compound, and

-(6) a derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula llTHa y RN H2 wherein R is an alkylene group having at least tWo carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of l to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with a compound selected from the group consisting of (i) a carboxyl-ic acid having 7-39 carbon atoms and (ii) a precursor of said carboxylic acid capable of forming said acid in said reaction. 4. An oxyalkylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula RNH:

wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6 formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with an .alkylene oxide having at least two carbon atoms. 5. An alkylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula it [a].

It 111' z Y wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of .1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with an alkylating agent having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. 6. An olefinated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with an olefinating agent having at least two carbon atoms. 7. A carbonylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups.

4 37 and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula NHz-(R-N)x m? RNHr r I N z y wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms at is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of -6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with a carbonyl compound. g 8. A derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amine group and having the formula NHz-(R-IAI); RN RNHz it [a],

A l 1 T Y wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine first with a reactant selected from the group consisting of (1) an acylating agent selected from the group consisting of (i) a carboxylic acid having 7-39 carbon atoms and (ii) a precursor of said carboxylic acid capable of forming said acid in said reaction, (2) an oxyalkylating alkylene oxide agent having at least two carbon atoms, (3) an alkylating agent having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, (4) an olefinating agent having at least two carbon atoms, and (5) a carbonylating carbonyl compound agent, to form a derivative of said polyalkylene polyamine, and then reacting said so-formed derivative with at least another of said foregoing reactants.

9. An oxyalkylated, acylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula I z V wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with a compound selected from the group consisting of (i) a car-boxylic acid having 7-39 carbon atoms and (ii) a percursor of said carboxylic acid capable of forming said acid in said reaction, and then reacting said soformed acylated derivative with an alkylene oxide having at least 2 carbon atoms.

10. A metal chelate of an acylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula v wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with a compound selected from the group consisting of (i) a carboxylic acid having 7-39 carbon atoms and (ii) a precursor of said carboxylic acid capable of forming said acid in said reaction.

11. A metal chelate of an oxyalkylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula N l [a].

It 1 1 S wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with an alkylene oxide having at least two carbon atoms.

12. A metal chelate of an alkylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula a wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with an alkylating agent having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. 13. A metal chelate of an olefinated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary 39 amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula H NHr-(Br-N); RN IN RNH;

wherein wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of l to 6, and

z is an integer of -6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with a carbonyl compound.

15. A metal chelate of a derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amine group and having the formula wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine first with a reactant selected from the group consisting of (1) an acylating agent selected from the group consisting of (i) a carboxylic acid having 7-39 carbon atoms and (ii) a precursor of said carboxylic acid capable of forming said acid in said reaction, (2) an oxyalkylating alkylene oxide agent having at least two carbon atoms, (3) an alkylating agent having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, (4) an olefinating agent having at least two carbon atoms, and (5) a carbonylating carbonyl compound agent,

to form a derivative of said polyalkylenepolyamine, and

then reacting said so-formed derivative with at least another of said foregoing reactants.

40 16. A metal chelate of an oxyalkylated, acylated derivative of a polyalkylenepolyamine containing at least three primary amino groups and at least one tertiary amino group and having the formula wherein R is an alkylene group having at least two carbon atoms x is an integer of 4 to 24 y is an integer of 1 to 6, and

z is an integer of 0-6,

formed by reacting said polyalkylenepolyamine with a compound selected from the group consisting of (i) a carboxylic acid having 7-39 carbon atoms and (ii) a precursor of said carboxylic acid capable of forming said acid in said reaction, and then reacting said soformed acylated derivative with an alkylene oxide having at least 2 carbon atoms.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,243,329 5/41 De Groote et a1. 260-583 2,271,499 1/42 Rice 252- 2,272,489 2/ 42 Ulrich 260-239 2,282,913 5/42 Downing et al 252-51.5 2,325,533 7/ 43 Montgomery et a1 252-51.5 2,403,960 7/46 Stoops 260-583 2,530,650 11/50 Chenicek 260-239 2,560,898 7/51 Schulze et al 44-63 2,600,361 6/52 Gunderson 252-321 2,673,164 3/54 Hughes et al 106-273 2,693,425 11/54 Hardman 106-273 2,700,024 1/ 55 Hughes et al 252-341 2,713,559 7/55 Smith 252-341 2,713,582 7/55 Smith 260-3096 2,715,613 8/55 Gibson 252-321 2,748,080 5/56 Newcombe et al 252-8.55 2,756,156 7/56 Hiller 106-14 2,771,371 11/56 Dieman 106-14 2,805,991 9/57 Tailleur 252-8.5 2,816,870 12/57 Lentz et a1. 252-61 2,836,559 5/58 Bock et a1. 252-8.55 2,843,464 7/58 Gaston et a1 44-66 2,847,384 8/58 Conklin 252-82 2,848,469 8/ 58 Kroll et a1 260-429 2,857,331 10/58 Hollingsworth 252-61 2,946,746 7/ 60 Keller 252-8.5 3,060,210 10/ 62 De Groote et a1 260-4045 3,133,941 5/64 Edwards et al. 252-392 FOREIGN PATENTS 233,766 4/59 Australia.

711,654 7/54 Great Britain.

723,317 2/55 Great Britain.

OTHER REFERENCES Martell et al., Chemistry of the Chelate Compounds, 1953, Prentiss-Hall, New York, pp. 518-523, 530-533 relied on.

LEON J. BERCOVIT Z, Primary Examiner.

I. GREENWALD, L. ZITVER, WILLIAM H. SHORT,

Examiners. 

1. A COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF (1) AN ACYLATED DERIVATIVE OF A POLYALKYLENEPOLYAMINE CONTAINING AT LEAST THREE PRIMARY AMINO GROUPS AND AT LEAST ONE TERTIARY AMINO GROUP AND HAVING THE FORMULA 